What is the main purpose of using fixed cell references in spreadsheets?

Using fixed cell references in spreadsheets serves the main purpose of "fixing" the column and/or row designators. When a cell reference is fixed, it remains constant, no matter where the formula is copied or moved within the spreadsheet. This is particularly useful when you want to refer to a specific cell that contains a constant value, such as a tax rate or a reference figure, without having it change when you drag the formula across other cells.

For example, if you have a formula that multiplies a variable amount by a constant value located in a fixed cell, using a fixed reference ensures that the constant value is always taken from that specific cell, leading to accurate calculations across the spreadsheet. Fixed references typically use the dollar sign ($) to denote them, such as $A$1, which indicates that neither the row nor the column will change when copying the formula.

In contrast, the other options do not capture the essence of what fixed cell references achieve. Variations in column or row designators, creating formulas without variable cells, and optimizing spreadsheet performance do not relate directly to the purpose of fixing references, which focuses on maintaining specific cell links regardless of formula adjustments.